Wrench.



E. MACNEIR, WRENCH APPLICATION men OCT. 24. 1914.

133%1 9.. Patented July 24, 1917.

ATTORNEYS EDWIN MACNEIR, OF PHILADELTEHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 191W.

Application filed. October 24, 1914. Serial No. 868,401.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN MAcNnm, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification. j

My present invention consists of a novel construction of a wrench in which, by the manipulation of the handle in the proper direction, the jaws are automatically adjusted relatively to each other, in order to grip the article held thcrebetween.

It further consists of a novel construction of a wrench, consisting of a stationary and a movable jaw which are normally capable of relative movement, but which, when the handle is actuated, are locked relatively to each other.

It further consists of a novel construction of a stationary jaw, a movable jaw, interlocking means for the movable jaw, and an eccentrically mounted handle, and novel means for maintaining the parts in operative position.

Other novel features and advantages of my invention will more clearly hereinafter appear in the detailed description thereof.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in the accompanying drawing one form thereof which is at pres ent preferred by me, since the same will give in practice satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a wrench embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the handle, the handle being partly broken away.

Fig. 3 represents, in perspective, various parts of the construction in detached position, the handle being partly broken away.

Fig. 4 represents a side elevation with the cover plate removed, the handle being partly broken away,

' being provided Fig. 5 represents a side elevation with the cover plate and handle removed.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings 1 designates the body portion of a wrench embodying my invention, said body portion with the stationary jaw 2, a laterally extending guide-slot 3,. a laterally extending bearing face 4%, and a recess 5, the side walls of which extend at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the slot 3. 6 designates the movable jaw which is provided with the plate 7 having on one side thereof a key or lug S, which is adapted to slide in the slot or key-way 3. The underside of the movable jaw 6 is provided with the flat bearing faces 9 and 10, respectively. The rear face of the plate 7 is serrated to form a ratchet 11, and the side of said plate is recessed, as at 12, and carries a pin or stud 13. 1 1 designates a locking member adapted to slide in the recess 5 and the forward face of said member is serrated to form teeth 15,

which, when the parts are assembled, are

adapted to be brought into interlocking engagement with the ratchet 11. The teeth 15 are formed on the forward end of the laterally projecting lug 16, the rear face of which latter is curved, as indicated at 17. The locking member 14: is provided at its rear end with an aperture 18 adapted to receive a cam or eccentric 19. The rear end of the member is is rounded, as indicated at 20. The eccentric 19 is provided with trunnions 21 and through said trunnions and said eccentric extends an aperture 22, adapted to receive the pivot pin 23, which latter passes through the body portion 1 and the side plate 24. 25 designates an actuating handle, which is provided with an aperture 26 therethrough adapted to receive the eccentrio 19. The forward end of the handle 25 is cut away on one-side, thereby forming a bearing face 27 and a forwardly extending plate 28, said plate having, in its forward end, an aperture 29 adapted to receive the stud or pin 13. The stud or pin 13 is adapted to seat in opposite ends of the aperture 29, and the inner wall of the aperture is provided with the reverselyinclined faces by neans of a pivot pin 28 and a fastening a position, with the side I at such time the teeth 15 carried by the han movable jaw device 34, which extends into anaperture 35 in the stationary jaw 2. The side plate 24: is cutaway to form a continuation of the stationaryjaw 2 and also forms a bearing face 36 on which the bearing face 10 of the movable jaw 6 is adapted to slide.

The operation of my novel wrench will now be readily apparent and is as follows: It will be seen from Fig. 4 that the parts are, shown in said figure, in their normal plate 24 removed, and

dle 25 are. out-of engagement with the rack 11 of the movable jaw. Assuming now that the handle 25 is turned in the direction of the arrow seen in Fig. 4, the eccentric 19 will cause the loclnngmember 14 to move forwardly in the recess 5 in which it is located, andthe recess 29 cooperating with the stud 13,.will cause the movable jaw 6 to move mto engagement with the object which is to be grasped. The partial rotation of the handle and the travel of the eccentric 19 will I move the locking plate 14 forwardly until the teeth 15 thereof mesh with the teeth forming the rack 11. Thebearing face27 on the handle merges with the faces 37 and 38 which are eccentric to said bearing face 27, so that as long as the handle 25 is being drawn in the same direction, the cooperating teeth will be firmly interlocked, thereby maintaining the stationary and movable jaw in fixed relation with respect to each other. YV hen it is desired to release the nut or other object which is being heldby the jaws, the handle 25 is moved in a reverse direction from the direction of. the arrow seen in Fig. 4, and the eccentric 19 will be rotated on the trunnions 21, and the first action will be to cause the unlocking of the coacting teeth due to the rearward travel of the locking member 14:. The walls of the aperture 29 cooperating with the stud movable jaw 6 to be moved away from the stationary jaw 2. The action of the means for actuating the movable jaw and fixing the same in a, desired position may be varied by vary ng the location of the pivot pin 23, and such change is within the spirit and scope of'my invention.

Will be'apparent that owing to the pro vision of'the eccentric and its adjuncts,the cannot be released until the handle 15 actuated in a reverse direction, the result of. which is that the jaws are opened and by a forward and rearward movement of the handle, the equivalent of a ratchet 13 will cause the action is produced on the rod, nut or other 5 article which is to be rotated.

- A spring 40 of any desired type may be employed to normally maintain the locking member 16 out of engagement with the mov- I able jaw 6 but it will ,be understood that such spring may be dispensed with, if desired.

It will be seen that this spring 40 tends to move the handle 25 rearwardly and owing to the novel eccentrlc mounting of the handle the locking plate will be moved rearwardly so that the teeth thereof are out of engagement with the teeth carried by the l movable jaw.

It will be seen that the strain is taken off of the'pivot of the eccentric owing to the with the handle and with; the locking member and owing-"to the manner in which the locking member is mounted, so that when a pull is exerted on the handle in the lock-' relative positions of the aws when the parts are in unlockedposition- I It will now be apparent'thatlhave de= vised a novel and useful wrench, which embodies the features of advantage enumer manner in which the eccentric. cooperates ated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the above descriptiomand while I have, in the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodiment thereof which will give in. practice satisfactory and reliable results, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible of modification in various particulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages. 7

Having thus described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1. A wrench, comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw 011 said body portion, a handle, an eccentric movably mounted on the bodyportion and forming the mounting for said handle, said handle being operativelyconnected with the movable'jaw to adjust the position of the latter, and means disconnected from said handle, loosely mounted on and actuated by said eccentric and controlled by said handle to lock the movable jaw in fixed relation with respect to the stationary jaw.

2. A wrench, comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw on said body portion, a handle operatively connected with the movable jaw to adjust the latter relatively tothe fixed jaw, an eccentric loosely mounted on said. body portion and on which said handle is mounted, and a locking member disconnected from said handle, loosely mounted on and actu ated by said eccentric to lock the movable jaw in its adjusted position.

3. A wrench comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw and having a key-way therein and a recess extending at an angle to said keyway, a movable jaw having means to engage said key-way and provided with a rack, a locking member slidably mounted in said recess and having teeth to engage said rack, an eccentric on which said locking member is mounted and a handle also mounted on said eccentric and cooperating with said locking member to effect its movement relatively to said rack and cooperating with said movable jaw to adjust the latter with respect to the stationary jaw.

l. A wrench comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw in sliding engagement with said body portion, said movable jaw having rack teeth thereon, a pin carried by said movable jaw, a handle eccentrically mounted in said body portion and having an aperture to receive said pin, said aperture being larger than said pin, and means to interlock with said rack teeth, said means being movably carried by said body portion and controlled by the movement of said handle.

5. A wrench comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw laterally adjustable on said body portion and provided with rack teeth, a locking member, movable on said body portion and provided with teeth to engage said rack teeth and having an aperture, an eccentric carried by said body portion and passing through said aperture, and a handle having an aperture to receive said eccentric and connected with said movable jaw to have limited relative movement with respect thereto.

6. A wrench comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw on said body portion, a locking member movably carried by said body portion to engage said movable jaw and lock the same in position and provided with a curved bearing wall and an aperture, an eccentric mounted in said body portion and passing through said aperture, and a handle having an aperture to receive said eccentric and provided with a curved shoulder to engage said bearing wall, said handle being connected with said movable jaw to have limited relative movement therewith.

7. A wrench comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw in sliding engagement with said body portion, a locking member guided in said body portion and movably mounted with respect to said movable jaw, a handle eccentrically carried by said body portion and eccentrically connected with said locking member, said handle having an elongated aperture therethrough, and a pin carried by said movable jaw and extending into said aperture.

8. A wrench, comprising a body portion having a fixed jaw, a movable jaw on the body portion, an eccentric pivotally mounted in the body portion, a handle having an aperture to receive said eccentric, said handle being operatively connected with the movable jaw to adjust its position relatively to the fixed jaw, and a locking member mounted on said eccentric to interlock with said movable jaw, and said handle having a shoulder to engage said locking member.

9. A wrench, comprising a body portion having a fixed jaw, a movable jaw on the body portion, an eccentric journaled in the body portion, said body portion having a recess therein, a locking plate slidable in said recess and mounted on said eccentric and interlocking with said movable jaw, and a handle mounted on said eccentric, hearing at all times against said plate, and operatively connected with said movable aw.

10. A wrench, comprising a body portion having a fixed jaw, a movable jaw on said body portion provided with a pin, an eccentric pivotally mounted in said body portion, a locking member loosely mounted on said eccentric and adapted to interlock with the movable jaw, and a handle mounted on said eccentric and having means to engage said pin, and the distance between the center of said pin and the center of said eccentric being substantially constant at all rela tive positions of said jaws when the parts are in their fully unlocked position.

11. A wrench, comprising a body portion provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw on said body portion, an eccentric pivotally mounted in the body portion, a locking member controlled by said eccentric and adapted to interlock with the movable jaw, a handle mounted on the eccentric to con trol the movement thereof, said handle being operatively connected with the movable jaw to adjust its position, and a spring engaging said handle to effect a rearward movement thereof and thereby normally maintain the locking member in its unlocked position.

12. A wrench, comprising a fixed jaw, a movable jaw, a handle operatively connected with the movable jaw to adjust the latter, an eccentric having trunnions mounted in the body portion, said handle being loosely mounted on said eccentric, and means actuated by said eccentric to lock the movable jaw in its adjusted position.

13; A Wrench, comprising a body portion ing member actuated by said eccentric and having a fixed jaw, a movable jaw on the interlocking with said movable jaw to mainbody portion, aneccentrie pivotally mounttain the latter in its adjusted position. i

7 ed on the body portion, a handle mounted EDWIN MACNEIR.

5 on said eccentric and provided with an aper- Witnesses .ture, a pin on said movablejaw adapted to e H, S. FAIRBANKS, engage the Wall of said aperture, and a lock- C. D. MoVAY.

,Oople's o1 thi'sgpatent may be obtained forfive cents each, by addre Washington, D. 0. V i v ssing the commisgioiier of Patents. 

